Fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative and polymer thereof

ABSTRACT

A novel fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative of the invention is represented by the formula: 
     
         (CH.sub.2 ═CF--CO).sub.p --A                           (I) 
    
     wherein A is a residue derived from an organic compound having at least two active hydrogen atoms derived by removing at least two active hydrogen atoms, and p is an integer corresponding to the valency of the residue A, which is easily cured.

This application is a divisional of copending application Ser. No.07/020,133, filed on Feb. 26, 1987, which is a continuation applicationof Ser. No. 06/751,724 filed on July 3, 1985, now abandoned.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a novel fluorine-containing acrylicacid derivative and a polymer thereof. More particularly, the presentinvention relates to a derivative of a novel α-fluoroacrylic acid and ahomo- or co-polymer thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The novel fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative of the presentinvention is represented by the formula:

    (CH.sub.2 ═CF--CO).sub.p --A                           (I)

wherein A is a residue derived from an organic compound having at leasttwo active hydrogen atoms derived by removing at least two activehydrogen atoms, and p is an integer corresponding to the valency ofresidue A.

In the specification, the active hydrogen atom means a hydrogen atombonded to an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom, for example, a hydrogenatom included in water, an alcoholic hydroxyl group, a phenolic hydroxylgroup, a carboxylic group, a primary and secondary amine group and amercapto group.

In the formula (I), the residue A is preferably a group of the formula:

    --O-- ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, the same or different, a divalent organic group, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.6 are, the same or different, a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are, the same of different, a divalent organic group, and n is an integer not less than one (1) or ##STR3## wherein R.sup.7 is an organic group with (a+b+c+d) valencies, R.sup.8 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, and a, b, c and d are, the same or different, 0 or a positive integer and satisfy the equation: a+b+c+d≧2.

Specific examples of the residue A are as follows: ##STR4## wherein l, mand n are each a positive integer. ##STR5## (wherein t is an integer of2 or larger). ##STR6##

Among the above residues, the following are preferred: --O--A'--O--(wherein A' is a C₂₋₁₀ alkylene group or a polyoxy(C₂₋₃)alkylene with adegree of polymerization of 2 to 10), ##STR7## wherein R is a hydrogenatom or a C₁₋₅ alkyl group, R' is a single bond or a C₂₋₃ alkylenegroup, R" is a C₁₋₂ alkyl group or fluoroalkyl group, and x and y areeach an integer of 1 to 20.

Specific examples of the fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative ofthe present invention are as follows (in brackets, the state of thecompound at room temperature under atmospheric pressure and the meltingpoint determined as a temperature corresponding to an endothermic peakmeasured by DSC are shown.): ##STR8##

The fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative (I) may be prepared asfollows:

1. The compound having at least two active hydrogen atoms is reactedwith an equimolar or excess amount of CH₂ ═CFCOF optionally in thepresence of a solvent such as DMF, DMSO, acetone, acetonitrile anddioxane and an acid scavenger such as triethylamine.

2. The product is recovered by separation or by extraction with asuitable solvent such as dimethyl ether. Crystallizable derivatives (I)are recrystallized from, for example, petroleum benzine.

The fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative (I) of the presentinvention is easily homo- or co-polymerized.

The liquid derivative (I) is polymerized as such while the solid one ispolymerized by melting it or dissolving it in a suitable solvent. Thepolymerization is initiated and proceeded by heat or irradiation with UVlight under atmospheric or reduced pressure or in an inactive gasatmosphere. Optionally, a polymerization initiator and/or a sensitizermay be used.

Two or more of the derivatives (I) may be copolymerized.

When the derivative (I) is copolymerized with another monomer, examplesof the copolymerizable monomer are as follows:

(meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylic halides, (meth)acrylic esters (e.g.methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, etc.), (meth)acrylicamides. (meth)arylonitrile, styrene and its derivatives (e.g.α-methylstyrene), vinyl ethers (e.g. methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinylether. etc.), vinylpyridines, vinyl ketones (e.g. methyl vinyl ketone,ethyl vinyl ketone, divinyl ketone, etc.), vinyl chloride, vinylidenechloride, vinyl acetate, allyl chloride, olefines (e.g. ethylene,propene, butene, etc.), dienes (e.g. butadiene, etc.),fluorine-containing monomers (e.g. tetrafluoroethylene,trifluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinylidene fluoride, etc.),maleic acid and its anhydride, fumaric acid.

Since the fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative (I) has at leasttwo α-fluoroacrylic group in a molecule, it is easily cured by heatingor irradiation of light including UV light. The cure rate of thederivative (I), for example the fluorine-containing acrylic ester, isfar larger than that of a corresponding acrylic ester not containingfluorine, which results in good processability. Furthermore, thefluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative (I) of the present inventionis completely cured in air. The cured product has excellent heatresistance, oil resistance, etc. and may be used as a sheath materialfor glass optical fibers.

The fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative (I) of the presentinvention is used as a printing plate, a resist material, a printingink, a coating, an adhesive, a sealing material by making use of itscuring characteristics. Particularly, it is used as a photosensitiveprinting plate and resist material, a UV curing printing ink, coating,adhesive and sealing. The derivative (I) is also used as a technical artmaterial and a medical material.

The present invention will be hereinafter explained further in detail byfollowing Examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Compound (1)

In a flask, 1,4-butanediol (45 g) and dimethyl formamide (200 ml) werecharged and then CH₂ ═CFCOF (95 g) was dropwise added with stirring onan ice bath. After stirring the mixture for 10 hours, water (1,000 ml)was added, and a bottom layer was separated and washed with water threetimes. Then, the solution was cooled to precipitate crude crystal (108g). The crude crystal (20 g) was added to petroleum benzine (200 ml) andwarmed to dissolve the crystal. The solution was cooled to -30° C. torecrystallize the compound, which was suction filtered, washed withpetroleum benzine and dried to obtain a pure crystalline entitledproduct (18.4 g). Endothermic peak temperature in DSC, 36.5° C. In thethermogravimetric analysis, the product was cured during the raising thetemperature and loss in weight started at 301.5° C.

    ______________________________________                                        Elementary analysis:                                                                         C           H      F                                           ______________________________________                                        Calc'd:        51.29       5.17   16.22                                       Found:         50.57       3.76   15.76                                       ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of Compound (2)

In a flask, diethylene glycoI (10 g), triethylamine (20 g) and acetone(60 ml) were charged, and CH₂ ═CFCOF (21 g) was dropwise added withstirring on an ice bath. Then, the mixture was stirred for 5 hours andwashed with water to obtain a viscous liquid entitled compound (21.2 g).

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of Compound (4)

In a flask, polyethylene glycol (PEG #4000) (10 g), triethylamine (5 g)and dimethyl sulfoxide (10 ml) were charged, and CH₂ ═CFCOF (15 g) wasdropwise added with stirring on an ice bath. Then, the mixture wasstirred for 5 hours, added with water and extracted with diethyl ether.The extract was dried under reduced pressure to obtain a viscous liquidentitled compound (10.8 g).

EXAMPLE 4 Preparation of Compound (5)

In a flask, trimethylolpropane (5 g) was dissolved in triethylamine (15g), and CH₂ ═CFCOF (20 g) was dropwise added with stirring on an icebath. Then, the mixture was stirred for 5 hours, washed with water anddried to obtain a viscous liquid entitled compound (8 g).

EXAMPLE 5 Preparation of Compound (3)

In a flask, ethylene glycol (5 g) and triethylamine (5 g) were charged,and CH₂ ═CFCOF (20 g) was dropwise added with stirring on an ice bath.Then, the mixture was stirred for 5 hours, washed with water and driedto obtain a viscous liquid entitled compound (14 g).

EXAMPLE 6 Preparation of Compound (6)

In a flask, polypropylene glycol (#1000) (20 g) and triethylamine (5 g)were charged, and CH₂ ═CFCOF (8g) was dropwise added with stirring on anice bath. Then, the mixture was stirred for 5 hours, washed with waterand dried to obtain a viscous liquid entitled compound (19 g).

EXAMPLE 7 Preparation of Compound (7)

In a flask, pentaerythritol (5 g) and dimethyl sulfoxide (20 ml) werecharged, and CH₂ ═CFCOF (30 g) was dropwise added with stirring on anice bath. Then, the mixture was stirred for 5 hours, washed with waterand recrystallized to obtain a white solid entitled compound (11 g).

EXAMPLE 8 Preparation of Compound (8)

In a flask, bisphenol-A (5 g), triethylamine (5 g) and dimethylformamide (10 ml) were charged, and CH₂ ═CFCOF (8 g) was dropwise addedwith stirring on an ice bath. Then, the mixture was stirred for 5 hoursand recrystallized to obtain a white solid entitled compound (5.6 g).

EXAMPLE 9 Preparation of Compound (9)

In a flask, bisphenol-AF (5 g), triethylamine (5 g) and dimethylformamide (10 ml) were charged, and CH₂ ═CFCOF (8 g) was dropwise addedon an ice bath. Then, the mixture was stirred for 5 hours andrecrystallized to obtain a white solid entitled compound (4.1 g).

EXAMPLE 10 Polymerization of Compound (1)

Compound (1) was melted at 40° C., contained in a Pyrex (trade mark)glass tube with one end closed, evacuated and sealed. Then, sealedCompound (1) was cured within 10 seconds by irradiating with a 250 Wextra-high pressure mercury lamp from a distance of 15 cm.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Polymerization of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate

In the same manner as in Example 10, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate waspolymerized. Curing required 40 seconds.

EXAMPLE 11 Polymerization of Compound (1)

In the same manner as in Example 10 but conducting polymerization underatmospheric pressure and irradiating from a distance of 5 cm, Compound(1) wa cured within 10 seconds.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 Polymerization of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate

In the same manner as in Example 11, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate waspolymerized. Curing required 90 seconds.

EXAMPLE 12 Copolymerization of Compound (1) and 1,4-butanedioldiacrylate

In the same manner as in Example 10, Compound (1) and 1,4-butanedioldiacrylate were copolymerized in a weight ratio of 1:1. Curing required10 seconds.

EXAMPLE 13 Copolymerization of Compound (1) and 1,4-butanedioldiacrylate

In the same manner as in Example 11, Compound (1) and 1,4-butanedioldiacrylate were copolymerized in a weight ratio of 1:1. Curing required25 seconds.

EXAMPLE 14 Copolymerization of Compound (1) and methyl acrylate

In the same manner as in Example 11, Compound (1) and methyl acrylatewere copolymerized in a weight ratio of 1.1. Curing required 5 seconds.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 Copolymerization of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate andmethyl acrylate

In the same manner as in Example 11, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate andmethyl acrylate were copolymerized in a weight ratio of 1:1. Curingrequired 155 seconds.

EXAMPLE 15 Copolymerization of Compound (1) and methyl methacrylate

In the same manner as in Example 11, Compound (1) and methylmethacrylate were copolymerized in a weight ratio of 1:1. Curingrequired 143 seconds.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4 Copolymerization of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate andmethyl methacrylate

In the same manner as in Example 11, 1,4-butane-diol diacrylate andmethyl methacrylate were copolymerized in a weight ratio of 1:1. Curingrequired 210 seconds.

EXAMPLE 16 Compound (1) was contained in a glass tube and warmed on awater bath kept at a predetermined temperature and gel time wasmeasured. The results are as follows:

    ______________________________________                                        Temperature (°C.)                                                                      Gel time (min.)                                               ______________________________________                                        100              3                                                            80               6                                                            60              20                                                            50              70                                                            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 17

A solution of Compound (1) in dioxane in a predetermined concentrationwas contained in a glass tube and irradiated with a 250 W extra-highpressure mercury lamp from a distance of 15 cm and gel time wasmeasured. The results are as follows:

    ______________________________________                                        Concentration (%)                                                                             Gel time (min.)                                               ______________________________________                                        3.8             >15                                                           7.4             4                                                             14.6            3                                                             ______________________________________                                    

When a small amount of benzophenone or triethylamine was added as asensitizer, Compound (1) gellated within one (1) minute.

EXAMPLE 18 Polymerization of Compound (2)

Compound (2) was coated on a surface of an aluminum plate and irradiatedin air with a 250 W extra-high pressure mercury lamp from a distance of15 cm for 5 minutes to obtain a hard coating.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 5 Polymerization of diethylene glycol diacrylate

In the same manner as in Example 18, diethylene glycol diacrylate wascoated on a surface of an aluminum plate and irradiated but was notcured.

EXAMPLE 19 Polymerization of Compound (4)

In the same manner as in Example 18, Compound (4) was coated on asurface of an aluminum plate and irradiated for 8 minutes to obtain ahard coating.

EXAMPLE 20 Polymerization of Compound (5)

In the same manner as in Example 18, Compound (5) was coated on asurface of an aluminum plate and irradiated for one (1) minute to obtaina hard coating.

EXAMPLE 21 Polymerization of Compounds (3), (6), (7), (8) and (9)

In the same manner as in Example 18, Compound (3), (6), (7), (8) or (9)was coated on a surface of an aluminum plate and irradiated to obtain ahard coating in a short time.

EXAMPLE 22

In a flask, hexamethylenediamine (2.54 g), pyridine (3.44 g) anddimethyl formamide (5 ml) were charged, and CH₂ ═CFCOF (3 ml) dissolvedin dimethyl formamide (5 ml) was dropwise added with stirring on an icebath. Then, the mixture was stirred for about one hour and poured inwater (100 ml) to precipitate a pale yellow powdery entitled compound (b4.8 g). M.P. 123° C.

A solution of the compound (0.1 g) in dimethyl formamide (0.6 g) wascontained in a Pyrex (trade mark) glass tube and evacuated. Then, thecompound was irradiated to start gellation within 13 minutes andcompletely cured within 19 minutes.

The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same waymay be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as adeparture from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all suchmodifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intendedto be included within the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A polymer containing repeating units derived froma fluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative of the formula

    (CH.sub.2 ═CF--CO).sub.p --A

wherein A is a residue having the formula ##STR9## and p is the integer2.
 2. A polymer comprising repeating units which are derived from afluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative of the formula: ##STR10## 3.A polymer comprising repeating units which are derived from afluorine-containing acrylic acid derivative of the formula ##STR11##